ÌÅÑÒÎÈÌÅÍÈß Â ÀÍÃËÈÉÑÊÎÌ ßÇÛÊÅ

ÌÅÑÒÎÈÌÅÍÈß Â ÀÍÃËÈÉÑÊÎÌ ßÇÛÊÅ

Ìåñòîèìåíèå «It» çàìåíÿåò âñå íåîäóøåâëåííûå ïðåäìåòû, à òàêæå æèâîòíûõ:
Where is the book? It is on the table. – Ãäå êíèãà? Îíà íà ñòîëå.
My cat is very funny. It run and jump all day long. – Ìîé êîò î÷åíü ñìåøíîé. Îí áåãàåò è ïðûãàåò âåñü äåíü.
Ê ãëàãîëàì, êîòîðûå ñòîÿò ïîñëå ìåñòîèìåíèé «He», «She» è «It», â íàñòîÿùåì âðåìåíè äîáàâëÿåì îêîí÷àíèå «-s» ëèáî «-es» ïîñëå îêîí÷àíèé -ch, -x, -sh, -ss, -s, -o:
He loves me. – Îí ëþáèò ìåíÿ.
She opens the windows every morning. – Îíà îòêðûâàåò îêíà êàæäîå óòðî.
The dog likes to bark. – Ýòîé ñîáàêå íðàâèòñÿ ëàÿòü.

Ìåñòîèìåíèå «it» èìååò 3 âàæíûå ôóíêöèè:
- èñïîëüçóåòñÿ äëÿ çàìåíû íàçâàíèé âñåõ ïðåäìåòîâ, æèâîòíûõ è ëþáûõ äðóãèõ îäóøåâëåííûõ èëè íåîäóøåâëåííûõ ÿâëåíèé. Êîðî÷å ãîâîðÿ âñåãî, êðîìå ëþäåé!
- îçíà÷àåò ëèáî ïåðåâîäèòñÿ êàê «ýòî»:
It is very interesting – Ýòî î÷åíü èíòåðåñíî.
It’s Mike. Open the door! – Ýòî Ìàéê. Îòêðîé äâåðü!
It’s her new style. – Ýòî å¸ íîâûé ñòèëü.
Who is it? – Êòî ýòî?
- âîîáùå íèêàê íå ïåðåâîäèòüñÿ, à èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ïðîñòî äëÿ òîãî ÷òîáû ñêàçàòü î ïîãîäå, âðåìåíè, ñîñòîÿíèè è ò.ï. Example:
It is frost – ìîðîç (íà óëèöå).
It is bright day – çàìå÷àòåëüíûé äåíü.
It will be windy – Áóäåò âåòðÿíî.
It’s 5 o’clock – ïÿòü ÷àñîâ
It’s was cool – Áûëî êðóòî.
It will be very funny – Áóäåò î÷åíü âåñåëî.

Àáñîëþòíûå ìåñòîèìåíèÿ:
mine – ìîé, ìîÿ
yours – òâîé, âàøå
ours – íàøå
theirs – èõ
his – åãî
hers – å¸
its – åãî, å¸
Did you see my keys? – No, I didn’t. But mine is here. (mine âìåñòî my keys)
Òû âèäåë ìîè êëþ÷è? – Íåò, íî ìîè çäåñü.
Yours tables are smaller than theirs. (theirs âìåñòî their tables)
Âàøè ñòîëû ìåíüøå ÷åì ó íèõ.